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 VASCULAR
DISEASE
Peripheral Artery Disease
Arterial Occlusion
Sudden interruption of blood
supply to distal parts resulting in spectrum of symptoms depending
on location and extent of occlusion. |
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Causes
Embolism
(moving clot), atherosclerosis,thrombosis, injury.
Arteriosclerosis Obliterans
The primary lesion in the inner
layer of the blood vessel (tunica intima), which progresses
to narrowing of the artery and many instances leading to complete
occlusion. |
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Risk Factors
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| Heredity, increase in
age, cigarette smoking HTN, elevated cholesterol, diabetes,
obesity, physical inactivity stress. |
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| Carotid Artery Disease |
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| Thrombosis or stenosis
is the common carotid diseases usually evaluated by angiogram. |
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| Aortic Aneurysm |
| Aneurysms are localized
persistent abnormal dilatation of aorta. Dilatation is the result
of weakness of vessel wall. |
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Causes
|
| Includes HTN, atherosclerosis,
smoking, local infections, syphilis and trauma. |
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| Peripheral Venous Disorders |
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| Includes chronic venous
insufficiency, varicose veins, thrombhophlebitis etc. |
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| Thrombophlebitis |
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| Is a partial or complete
occlusion of a vein by a thrombosis with inflammatory changes
of the vein. |
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Causes
|
| Venous stasis following
operation, child birth or prolong bed rest, prolonged sitting
or complication of varicose vein. Injury to vein etc. |
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| Chronic Venous Stasis |
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| Is a form of chronic
venous stasis, may be a residual effect of phlebitis. It results
from chronic occlusion of veins |
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| Deep Vein Thrombosis |
| It occurs in pelvic vein
or in deep vein of the lower extremities in postoperative patients. |
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Causes
|
| Injury to inner layer
of the vein wall, venous stasis, Hyper coagulopathy, polycythemia,
high risk includes obesity, prolonged immobility, smoking, advancing
age, varicose veins, dehydration etc. |
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| Varicose Veins |
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| They are the dilated
tortuous superficial veins with incompetent valve. The greater
and lesser saphenous veins are most commonly involved. |
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Causes
|
| No exact causes detected
aggravated by hormonal factors in females. Increased intra abdominal
pressure and in rare instances arteriovenous fistula and heredity. |
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