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MISCELLANEOUS
Cor Pulmonale
Symptoms
Increasing dyspnea, fatigue,
chronic cough, peripheral edema, night dyspnea, orthopnea (unable
to breath other than upright position). |
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Management
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| Treatment of underlying lung disease,
long-term low flow oxygen delivery to peripheral tissues, diuretics,
pulmonary vasodilators etc. |
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| Pulmonary Embolism |
Symptoms
|
| Dyspnea, pain, increased respiratory
rate, chest pain with apprehension, cyanosis. arrhythmias, sudden
deterioration in the patient condition. |
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Management
|
| Oxygen administration. Drugs like
vasopressors, ionotrophic, analgesics, anticoagulants, thrombolytic
therapy etc.
Surgical intervention done when anti coagulation contraindicated. |
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| Pulmonary Hypertension |
Symptoms
|
| Relatively asymptomatic, moderate
to severe hypertension can cause dyspnea, fatigue, syncope,
angina (chest pain), palpitations and muscular weakness may
occur. |
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Management
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| If hypoxemia administers oxygen,
correction of acidosis, vasodilator therapy, &treatment
of underlying diseases. |
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| Pericarditis |
Symptoms
|
Pain usually severe radiating into
either arm resembling that of MI, aggravated by coughing, swallowing,
inspiration or rotation of the trunk.
Relieved by sitting up and leaning forward. Dyspnea occurs from
compression of the heart by surrounding structure. Other symptoms
include fever, sweating, chills etc. |
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Management
|
| Antibiotic therapy, corticosteroid
therapy, analgesia and pericardiocentesis (remedy for pericardial
effusion).
Surgical - Pericardectomy. |
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| Myocarditis |
Symptoms
|
| Fever, fatigue, malaise, myalgia,
pharyngitis, dyspnea, lympadenopathy, GI complaints are the
early manifestations, pericardial chest pain, syncope. |
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Management
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| Oxygen therapies, bed rest, restricted
activity, immunosuppressive therapy, majority of the patients
with myocarditis recover spontaneously. |
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